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Index: C

.cshrc file : (see .cshrc file)

C shell (csh)

1.8. There Are Many Shells

38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

44.3.3. Types of Shells

accidental logouts : 3.5. Stop Accidental C Shell Logouts

advantages : 44.3.3. Types of Shells

aliases : 10.7. How to Put if-then-else in a C Shell Alias

array support : 45.34. Arrays in the Bourne Shell

arrays in : 47.5. Using C Shell Arrays

automatically killing background processes : 38.17. Automatically Kill Background Processes on Logout in csh

avoiding alias loops : 10.6. Avoiding C Shell Alias Loops

background processing : 1.27. How Background Processing Works

bash shells compared to : 47.1. Why Not?

Bourne shell compared to

47.1. Why Not?
47.2. C Shell Programming Considered Harmful

Bourne shell replacing

45.6. Making Sure Your Script Runs with Bourne Shell, Without #!
45.7. The exec Command

bugs in : 47.2. C Shell Programming Considered Harmful

built-in string operators : 7.4. Faster Prompt Setting with Built-Ins

command history

11.1. The Lessons of History
(see history of command)

command name for : 42.2.5. Aborting Programs

command tools and : 1.14. The Kernel and Daemons

configuration files : 2.7. C Shell Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want Them to Be?

creating empty file : 21.7. Setting File Modification Time with touch

default prompt : 7.1. Why Change Your Prompt?

defining variables : 6.8. Shell Variables

disadvantages

44.3.3. Types of Shells
47.1. Why Not?
47.2. C Shell Programming Considered Harmful

echo command : 8.6.1. Portability

editing history substitutions : 9.6. String Editing (Colon) Operators

environment variables : 47.2.5. Variable Syntax

error handling : 47.2.7. Error Handling

eval command : 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

executing scripts via : 40.4. Choosing the Shell Run (We Hope) by at

expressions in

47.4.2. Expressions
47.4.4. Examples

-f option : 2.5.1. Quick Login

flow control in : 47.2.2.2. Flow Control

foreach loop : 9.11. Repeating a Command with a foreach Loop

history : 51.7. When You Get Impatient

history characters : 11.15. Changing C Shell History Characters with histchars

history file : 11.11.2. C Shell

if loops in : 47.2.6. Expression Evaluation

importing commands : 8.12. Which One Will the C Shell Use?

interpreting commands : 8.5. Command-Line Evaluation

Korn shell compared to : 47.1. Why Not?

.logout file : 3.1. Running Commands When You Log Out

mail notification : 21.8.1. For C Shell Users

managing file descriptors : 47.2.1. File Descriptors

matching word, escaping : 8.18. Here Documents

multiline commands : 9.13. Multiline Commands, Secondary Prompts

nesting aliases : 10.2.3. Setting Aliases Automatically, Unsetting Aliases

noclobber variable : 13.6. Safe I/O Redirection with noclobber

operator precedence in : 47.4.2. Expressions

overriding environment variables : 6.10. Running a Command with a Temporarily Different Environment

parsing in : 47.2.2.3. Stupid Parsing Bugs

passing command history to : 11.12. Pass History to Another Shell

pipelines in : 47.2.1.4. More Elaborate Combinations

quoting in

8.15. Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting
47.2.4. Quoting

random number generators : 45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command

redirecting input/output : 13.5. Redirection in C Shell: Capture Errors, Too?

redirecting stdin : 13.1. Using Standard Input and Output

rehash command : 4.2. A bin Directory for Your Programs and Scripts

repeat command : 9.25. The C Shell repeat Command

script file extension : 1.17. Filename Extensions

set nonomatch command : 3.4. Automatic File Cleanup

shell variables : 6.9. Special C Shell Variables

special characters/operators in : 8.19. "Special" Characters and Operators

speeding up : 2.9. Speeding Up Your C Shell with set prompt Test

standard input : 47.2.1.2. Reading Files

standard output : 47.2.1.4. More Elaborate Combinations

stray prompt problems : 7.3. C Shell Prompt Causes Problems in vi, rsh, etc.

trapping signals : 47.2.3. Signals

variable syntax : 47.2.5. Variable Syntax

C shell scripts

exit status inserted : 44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes
-f option : 45.4. Fun with #!
interrupted : 45.8. Handling Signals to Child Processes
quoting in : 46.7. Quoting and Command-Line Parameters

c-w script : 22.10. cx, cw, c-w: Quick File Permission Changes

C132 script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

C80 script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cal program : 48.6. Get Calendar for Any Month or Year: cal

calen program versus : 48.8. Calendar for 132-Column Terminals or Printers
printing : 48.9. PostScript Calendars with pcal

cal_today script

48.7. cal That Marks Today's Date
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

calculators

49.1. bc: Simple Math at the Shell Prompt
(see also bc program)
spreadsheets vs. : 49.8. It's Great to Have a Spreadsheet
types of : 49.1. bc: Simple Math at the Shell Prompt

calen program

48.8. Calendar for 132-Column Terminals or Printers
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

.calendar file, pcal using : 48.9. PostScript Calendars with pcal

calendar program : 48.4. Automatic Reminders and More: calendar

sending one-line reminders : 40.11. Send Yourself Reminder Mail

cancel command (System V) : 43.2.1. System V Printing Commands

"canonicalized" input lines : 41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)

capability lines in termcap or terminfo files : 41.11. How termcap and terminfo Describe Terminals

capitalization : (see case sensitivity)

CAPS LOCK, typing without : 31.11. Typing in Uppercase Without CAPS LOCK

caret : (see ^)

carriage returns

41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)
(see newline character)

case command : 45.22. Handling Files Line-by-Line

case sensitivity : 1.15. Filenames

ispell program and : 29.2. Check Spelling Interactively with ispell
search patterns : 27.16. Faking Case-Insensitive Searches
vi and ex editors and : 30.17. Capitalizing Every Word on a Line

case statement

2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

44.5. Test String Values with Bourne Shell case

advantages : 45.33. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement

egrep expressions built : 48.2. Online Phone and Address Lists

errors caused by : 46.1.4. Missing or Extra esac, ;;, fi, etc.

examples

44.5. Test String Values with Bourne Shell case
44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop
44.17. Handling Arguments with while and shift
48.2. Online Phone and Address Lists
51.3. ASCII Characters: Listing and Getting Values

handling command-line arguments : 44.17. Handling Arguments with while and shift

in while loops : 44.17. Handling Arguments with while and shift

pattern matching in : 44.6. Pattern Matching in case Statements

test command compared to : 45.33. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement

testing two strings using : 45.33. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement

cat command

1.2. Who Listens to What You Type?

13.2. One Argument with a cat Isn't Enough

25.2. Four Ways to Skin a cat

25.5. Page Through Compressed, RCS, Unprintable Files

backslash character and : 8.6.1. Portability

combining files : 8.4. Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files

-e option

16.13. Can't Access a File? Look for Spaces in the Name
25.6. What's in That White Space?

examples

44.9. Testing Your Success
44.10.1. Looping Until a Command Succeeds

for loops combined with : 45.16. Standard Input to a for Loop

-n option : 25.21. Numbering Lines

-s option : 25.11. crush: A cat that Skips all Blank Lines

starting pipelines : 1.4. Using Pipes to Create a New Tool

-t option : 25.6. What's in That White Space?

-v option

25.6. What's in That White Space?
25.7. Show Non-Printing Characters with cat -v or od -c
41.12. Finding Out What Characters Your Terminal's Special Keys Send

catman program, egrep versus : 50.3. apropos on Systems Without apropos

catsaway script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

examples : 44.10.2. Looping Until a Command Fails

cbreak mode

41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)
41.7. Reading Verrrry Long Lines from the Terminal

cbw program : 22.17. Ways of Improving the Security of crypt

cd command

3.4. Automatic File Cleanup
7.6. Session Information in Your Terminal's Status Line
14.3. What Good Is a Current Directory?
(see also current directory)
- option : 14.6. The Shells' pushd and popd Commands
aliases for : 14.8. Quick cds with Aliases
cdpath variable and : 14.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath
directory initials and : 14.9. cd by Directory Initials
in subshells : 13.8. Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands

CD-ROM (with this book) : 52.1. Introduction

CD-ROM formats : 52.5.1. CD-ROM Formats

:cdpath in csh : 14.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath

CDPATH environment variable : 14.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath

cdpath shell variable

6.9. Special C Shell Variables
14.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath
as array : 47.5. Using C Shell Arrays

center script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

centering lines, awk script : 35.8. Centering Lines in a File

cgrep script

27.11. A Multiline Context grep Using sed
27.13. More grep-like Programs Written in Perl
34.17. Searching for Patterns Split Across Lines
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cgrep.sed script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

change command (ex) : 33.4. Useful ex Commands

change times : 16.5. The Three UNIX File Times

character codes in termcap and terminfo databases : 41.11.1. Special Character Codes

character sets

26.4. Using Metacharacters in Regular Expressions
26.4.2. Matching a Character with a Character Set

character strings

grabbing : 45.30. Grabbing Parts of a String
parsing : 45.30. Grabbing Parts of a String
testing : 45.33. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement
testing using expr : 45.29. Testing Characters in a String with expr

characters

counting : 29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc
handling most : 41.2.2. Handling Most Characters
nonprintable : (see special characters)
sending repeated to terminals : 42.7. termtest: Send Repeated Characters to Terminal
sent by special keys : 41.12. Finding Out What Characters Your Terminal's Special Keys Send
special : (see special characters)

check command (SCCS) : 20.13. SCCS Basics

checksed script

34.3.1. checksed
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

chgrp command

1.23. File Access Permissions
22.5. Group Permissions in a Directory with the setgid Bit
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

child processes

38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts
45.8. Handling Signals to Child Processes
(see also processes)
changes to environment of : 38.4. Subshells
file descriptors given to : 45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors
killing : 38.10. Destroying Processes with kill
relationship to parent : 38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

child signal : 38.8. What Are Signals?

CHLD (child) signal : 38.8. What Are Signals?

chmod command

22.7. Using chmod to Change File Permission

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

= operator : 22.8. The Handy chmod = Operator

described : 44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program

examples : 44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program

-R option

22.7. Using chmod to Change File Permission
22.8. The Handy chmod = Operator

chmod_edit script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

chown command

1.23. File Access Permissions
22.21. How to Change File Ownership Without chown
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

Christiansen, Tom : 13.2. One Argument with a cat Isn't Enough

on C shell disadvantages : 47.1. Why Not?
on directory stacks : 47.5. Using C Shell Arrays

chsh command : 2.16. Approved Shells: Using Unapproved Login Shell

chunksort script

36.7. Sorting Multiline Entries
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

ci command (RCS) : 20.14. RCS Basics

cleanup script

3.4. Automatic File Cleanup
23.22. Using find to Clear Out Unneeded Files
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cleanup.sed script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

clear command

3.1. Running Commands When You Log Out
22.18. Clear Your Terminal for Security, to Stop Burn-in
42.4. Checklist for Resetting a Messed Up Terminal

clear screen function in terminal setup menu : 42.4. Checklist for Resetting a Messed Up Terminal

Clear script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

clear script : 41.9. Commands to Adjust Your Terminal

clf script

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

clf2 script

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

clipboard, creating in terminal windows : 48.3. A Scratchpad on Your Screen

clock in UNIX

51.2. How UNIX Keeps Time
51.10. The date Command

close command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

closing

file descriptors : 47.2.1.3. Closing FDs
files : 45.21. n>&m: Swap Standard Output and Standard Error

clri command : 23.13. Deleting Files with the Null Name

ClrStatus script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cls script

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cls2 script

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cmd field

in crontab entries : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

cmp program

28.11. cmp and diff
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

co command (RCS) : 20.14. RCS Basics

col command

43.18. How nroff Makes Bold and Underline; How to Remove It
50.3. apropos on Systems Without apropos

colcrt command : 43.18. How nroff Makes Bold and Underline; How to Remove It

Collinson, Peter : 44.14. Putting awk, sed, etc., Inside Shell Scripts

colrm command : 35.15. Cutting Columns with colrm

advantages : 45.30.2. Using echo with awk, colrm, or cut
awk compared to : 45.30.2. Using echo with awk, colrm, or cut

cols script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

columns

formatting : 35.14. Cutting Columns or Fields with cut

selecting

35.14. Cutting Columns or Fields with cut
35.15. Cutting Columns with colrm

straightening : 35.22. Straightening Jagged Columns

totaling using addup : 49.7. Total a Column with addup

comm command

2.14. motd.diff: Show New Lines in Login Messages
16.23. Comparing Filenames in Two Directory Trees
28.12. Comparing Two Files with comm

comma (,) in filenames : 1.15. Filenames

command

resetting search table : 44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program

command characters : (see special characters)

command command : 8.11. Which One Will bash Use?

command directories : 6.1. What Environment Variables Are Good For

command interpreters

1.2. Who Listens to What You Type?
44.3. What's a Shell, Anyway?
(see also shells)

command line

advantages : 9.1. What's Special About the UNIX Command Line

aliases for arguments

10.2.2. Using More Complex Aliases
10.3. C Shell Aliases with Command-Line Arguments

arguments : 8.6. Output Command-Line Arguments

changing path on : 8.7.2. Changing Path on the Command Line

deleting on : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase

editing : 11.13. Shell Command-Line Editing

editing on : 11.1. The Lessons of History

evaluating : 8.5. Command-Line Evaluation

filenames on : 13.13. The "Filename" -

interpreted by shell : 1.2. Who Listens to What You Type?

parsing : 8.9. Wildcards Inside of Aliases

reprinting : 9.3. Reprinting Your Command Line with CTRL-r

saving to file : 1.5. Anyone Can Program the Shell

as shell scripts : 44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program

submitting for execution at a later time : 40.3. The at Command

too-long commands : 9.20. Too Many Files for the Command Line

"command not found" error message : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages

command runtimes

averages of : 39.4. Average Command Runtimes with runtime

command substitution

in for loops : 44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop
nested : 45.31. Nested Command Substitution

command-line arguments

character limit : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages

counting : 44.15.2. With a Loop

finding last : 45.14. Finding the Last Command-Line Argument

for loops

44.15.2. With a Loop
44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop

in Bourne shell scripts : 44.15. Handling Command-Line Arguments in Shell Scripts

in Korn Shell scripts : 44.15. Handling Command-Line Arguments in Shell Scripts

listing using expr : 45.30.1. Matching with expr

parsing

44.18. Standard Command-Line Parsing
44.19. The Bourne Shell set Command

quoting : 46.7. Quoting and Command-Line Parameters

removing : 44.15.2. With a Loop

saving original settings : 44.19. The Bourne Shell set Command

setting : 44.19. The Bourne Shell set Command

starting with - (minus) : 44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop

unsetting : 45.15. How to Unset all Command-Line Parameters

commands

1.4. Using Pipes to Create a New Tool

(see also under specific command name)

aliases for : 8.8. A Directory for Commands You Shouldn't Run

ampersand (&) character at the end of : 38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

awk utility : 33.11.6. Group Listing of awk Commands

background

3.1. Running Commands When You Log Out
3.4. Automatic File Cleanup

banner : 43.11. Big Letters: banner

Berkeley printing commands : 43.2.2. Berkeley Printing Commands

blocked processes : 39.12.3. The I/O Subsystem

built-in

7.4. Faster Prompt Setting with Built-Ins
8.11. Which One Will bash Use?
38.2. fork and exec
47.2.2.1. Built-Ins

col : 43.18. How nroff Makes Bold and Underline; How to Remove It

colcrt : 43.18. How nroff Makes Bold and Underline; How to Remove It

combining : 13.7.1. Combining Several Commands

command substitution : 9.16. Command Substitution

custom : (see custom commands)

displaying running : 39.6. lastcomm: What Commands Are Running and How Long Do They Take?

Emacs command completion : 32.6. Command Completion

ex editor : 33.4. Useful ex Commands

exit status : 44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes

finding : 16.10. findcmd: Find a Command in Your Search Path

fold : 43.8. Fixing Margins with pr and fold

for adjusting terminals : 41.9. Commands to Adjust Your Terminal

history of : (see history of command)

how to issue terminals : 41.11. How termcap and terminfo Describe Terminals

in .logout file : 3.1. Running Commands When You Log Out

multiline : 9.13. Multiline Commands, Secondary Prompts

multiple, while loops using : 45.19. A while Loop with Several Loop Control Commands

naming : 44.21. Picking a Name for a New Command

numeric returns : 44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes

pr

43.7. Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing
43.10. Filename Headers Above Files Without pr

printed in parentheses in ps output : 38.7. Why ps Prints Some Commands in Parentheses

printing

System V : 43.2.1. System V Printing Commands

recalling : (see history of command)

redefining with aliases : 10.2.3. Setting Aliases Automatically, Unsetting Aliases

repeating

9.11. Repeating a Command with a foreach Loop
11.8. Repeating a Cycle of Commands
51.7. When You Get Impatient

RETURN key not used with : 45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars

running a series of : 11.9. Running a Series of Commands on a File

running at login : 2.2.2. C Shell

running by typing a single character : 42.4. Checklist for Resetting a Messed Up Terminal

running number of them and averaging : 39.4. Average Command Runtimes with runtime

running on compressed files : 24.10. zloop: Run a Command on Compressed Files

sed editor : 43.21. Preprocessing troff Input with sed

shell interpretation of : 8.1. What the Shell Does

storing : 4.9. Setting Up vi with the .exrc File

with temporarily different environment : 6.10. Running a Command with a Temporarily Different Environment

throwaway scripts for : 9.15. Throwaway Scripts for Complicated Commands

too long for command line : 9.20. Too Many Files for the Command Line

typing at the shell prompt : 38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

ul : 43.18. How nroff Makes Bold and Underline; How to Remove It

versions : 44.1. Everyone Should Learn Some Shell Programming

writing manual pages for

50.10. Make Your Own Man Pages Without Learning troff
50.11. Writing a Simple Man Page with the -man Macros

commenting

Bourne shell scripts : 44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program
ease of use : 44.14. Putting awk, sed, etc., Inside Shell Scripts
examples : 44.14. Putting awk, sed, etc., Inside Shell Scripts
in termcap or terminfo files : 41.11. How termcap and terminfo Describe Terminals
starting with # (pound) : 45.2. The Story of : # #!
starting with : : 45.9. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator
starting with : (colon) : 45.2. The Story of : # #!

communication parameters, changing on the fly : 42.1. Making Sense Out of the Terminal Mess

communications utilities : 1.33. UNIX Networking and Communications

comparing

directory trees : 16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp

editing and : 28.9. ex Scripts Built by diff

filenames : 16.23. Comparing Filenames in Two Directory Trees

files : 18.9. Renaming, Copying, or Comparing a Set of Files

bdiff command : 28.7. diff for Very Long Files: bdiff

cmp program : 28.11. cmp and diff

comm command : 28.12. Comparing Two Files with comm

diff command

28.1. Checking Differences with diff
28.3. Context diffs

diff3 script : 28.2. Comparing Three Different Versions with diff3

diffmk command : 28.15. Show Changes in a troff File with diffmk

make utility for : 28.13. make Isn't Just for Programmers!

sdiff command

28.4. Side-by-Side diffs: sdiff
28.6. Choosing Sides with sdiff

twin program : 28.5. Comparing Files Alongside One Another

word counts : 29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc

competion, filename : 11.13. Shell Command-Line Editing

compilation process

52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files
52.8.2.8. The make Program

compiling programs : 52.8.2. Compiling Source Code

complete shell variable : 6.9. Special C Shell Variables

completion, filename : 9.8. Filename Completion: Faster Filename Typing

compress utility : 24.7. Compressing Files to Save Space

compressed files

1.17. Filename Extensions

24.7. Compressing Files to Save Space

editing : 24.11. Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed

in entire directory tree

24.8. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree
24.12. Compressing a Directory Tree: Fine-Tuning

paging through : 25.5. Page Through Compressed, RCS, Unprintable Files

running commands on : 24.10. zloop: Run a Command on Compressed Files

whitespace and : 24.6. Save Space with Tab Characters

compressor script : 21.5. What Good Is a File's Last Access Time?

conditional expressions : (see expressions, conditional)

configuration files

for csh : 2.7. C Shell Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want Them to Be?
pathnames in : 2.6. Use Absolute Pathnames in Shell Setup Files
shells : 2.2. Shell Setup Files-Which, Where, and Why

configure shell script : 52.8.2.6. An Easy Build

configuring terminals

5.1. There's a Lot to Know About Terminals
5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In
5.10. Finding What Terminal Names You Can Use

conserving disk space : (see disk space)

CONT (continue) signal : 38.8. What Are Signals?

continue command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

continue signal : (see CONT signal)

control characters : 41.11.1. Special Character Codes

Emacs and : 32.10. Inserting Binary Characters into Files
ex and vi editors and : 31.6. Protecting Keys from Interpretation by ex
in scripts : 45.35. Using a Control Character in a Script
storing : 51.6. Cleaning script Files

control characters, echoing in BSD : 41.5. Why Some Systems Backspace over Prompts

control echo : 41.2.3. What About TABs?

controlling process : 38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

controlling terminal : 38.6. The Controlling Terminal

conversion, base

cvtbase used for : 49.5. Base Conversion Using cvtbase
problems : 49.3. Gotchas in Base Conversion

conversion, binary

bc program used for : 49.2. bc: Hexadecimal or Binary Conversion

conversion, hexadecimal

bc program used for : 49.2. bc: Hexadecimal or Binary Conversion

cooked mode : 41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)

Cooper, Michael : 5.5. Querying Your Terminal Type: qterm

COPTS declaration line

-I option : 52.8.2.8. The make Program

copy command (ex) : 33.4. Useful ex Commands

copying

directory trees : 18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r

files

18.1. What's So Complicated About Copying Files?
18.2. What's Really in a Directory
18.9. Renaming, Copying, or Comparing a Set of Files
21.11. Safer Removing, Moving, and Copying
(see also moving files; renaming files)
to directories : 21.12. Copying Files to a Directory

files to different directories : 45.25. Shell Scripts On-the-Fly from Standard Input

links : 18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r

permissions : 22.16. Copying Permissions with cpmod

text, in vi : 30.8. Get Back What You Deleted with Numbered Buffers

core dumps : 24.5. Limiting File Sizes

made by QUIT signal : 38.9. Killing Foreground Jobs

cos command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

count.it script

29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

count_types script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

counting occurrences : 30.16. Counting Occurrences; Stopping Search Wraps

counting text elements : 29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc

wordfreq script : 29.7. Count How Many Times Each Word Is Used

cp command

1.33. UNIX Networking and Communications
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
(see also rcp utility)
-b option : 21.11. Safer Removing, Moving, and Copying
-i option : 21.11. Safer Removing, Moving, and Copying
-p option : 22.21. How to Change File Ownership Without chown
-r option : 18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r

cpio command : 19.9. A System V Tape Archiver: cpio

-d option : 19.9. A System V Tape Archiver: cpio
-i option : 19.9. A System V Tape Archiver: cpio
-o option : 19.9. A System V Tape Archiver: cpio
-v option : 19.9. A System V Tape Archiver: cpio

cpmod : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cpmod utility : 22.16. Copying Permissions with cpmod

CPU contention

measuring : 39.12.1. The CPU

CPU system time : 39.3. The csh time variable

CPU time

39.2. Timing Programs
39.5. Why Is the System So Slow?
as percentage of elapsed time : 39.3. The csh time variable

CPU user time : 39.3. The csh time variable

cron command : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

cron daemon : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

cron jobs

environment of : 40.12. Periodic Program Execution: The cron Facility
including standard input within : 40.14. Including Standard Input Within a cron Entry
schedule : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

cron system : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

crontab command

40.1. Off-Peak Job Submission
40.13. Adding crontab Entries
40.15. crontab Script Makes crontab Editing Easier/Safer

crontab command:script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

crontab entries : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling

adding : 40.13. Adding crontab Entries
editing : 40.13. Adding crontab Entries
example : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling
removing : 40.13. Adding crontab Entries

crontab files

adding calendar information to : 48.4.3. Automating Your Own Calendar
personal : 40.5. Avoiding Other at and cron Jobs

"cross-device link" error message : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages

crush script

25.11. crush: A cat that Skips all Blank Lines
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

Crypt Breaker's Workbench program : 22.17. Ways of Improving the Security of crypt

crypt utility : 22.17. Ways of Improving the Security of crypt

csh : (see C shell)

csh command name : 42.2.5. Aborting Programs

.csh filename extension : 1.17. Filename Extensions

csh time variable

39.2. Timing Programs
39.3. The csh time variable

csh_init : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

on PowerTools disk

47.5. Using C Shell Arrays
50.8. Which Version Am I Using?

csh_logout : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

.cshrc file

2.2.2. C Shell

2.5.1. Quick Login

2.7. C Shell Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want Them to Be?

2.9. Speeding Up Your C Shell with set prompt Test

# in : 10.2.1. Simple Aliases

creating multiline prompt : 7.11. dirs in Your Prompt: Better than $cwd

if statements in : 47.3. Conditional Statements with if

prompt setting

7.2. Basics of Setting the Prompt
7.5. Multiline Shell Prompts

setting search path : 8.7.1. Setting Path in Shell Setup Files

SHLVL environment variable : 7.9. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

symlinks workaround : 14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really?

.cshrc.$HOST file : 2.13. A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup

CSHRC_READ variable : 2.10. Gotchas in set prompt Test

csplit program

35.10. Splitting Files by Context: csplit
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

ctags command : 30.28. Keep Track of Functions and Included Files with ctags and tags

ctime, defined : 16.5. The Three UNIX File Times

CTRL -\(to quit)

41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)
42.2.5. Aborting Programs

CTRL key : 5.8. Terminal Escape Sequences

specifying with stty command : 5.9. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

CTRL-/ command : 38.9. Killing Foreground Jobs

CTRL-c command

9.19. For the Impatient: Type-Ahead
38.9. Killing Foreground Jobs
aborting programs : 42.2.5. Aborting Programs

CTRL-d command

2.5.1. Quick Login
3.5. Stop Accidental C Shell Logouts
41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)
flushing the input buffer : 41.7. Reading Verrrry Long Lines from the Terminal
to end scripts : 51.5. Copy What You Do with script
typing command lines in at : 40.3. The at Command

CTRL-h command : 41.2.2. Handling Most Characters

CTRL-j command : 42.4. Checklist for Resetting a Messed Up Terminal

CTRL-l command : 42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up?

CTRL-m character

1.29. When Is a File Not a File?
4.9. Setting Up vi with the .exrc File

CTRL-q command : 41.2.4. Flow Control (We Hope)

killing processes : 38.15. Cleaning Up an Unkillable Process
restarting output : 42.2.1. Output Stopped?

CTRL-r (reprint) character : 9.3. Reprinting Your Command Line with CTRL-r

CTRL-s command : 41.2.4. Flow Control (We Hope)

stopping output : 42.2.1. Output Stopped?

CTRL-u (line-kill) character : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase

CTRL-w (word-erase) character : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase

CTRL-x (line-kill) character : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase

CTRL-z command

1.28. Some Gotchas with Background Processing
12.1.1. Foreground and Background
38.8. What Are Signals?
putting jobs in background : 42.2.3. Program Waiting for Input?
stopping a subshell : 38.4. Subshells
used during sourcing : 47.2.2.1. Built-Ins

CTS (Clear to Send) : 41.2.4. Flow Control (We Hope)

cur function : 10.9. Shell Functions

curly braces : (see { })

curly quotes : 43.21. Preprocessing troff Input with sed

current directory

1.21. Making Pathnames
6.3. Predefined Environment Variables
7.11. dirs in Your Prompt: Better than $cwd
10.9. Shell Functions
14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really?
38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts
advantages : 14.3. What Good Is a Current Directory?
finding : 14.4. How Does UNIX Find Your Current Directory?

current job : 12.3. The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect

custom commands

advantages of : 1.4. Using Pipes to Create a New Tool
directories : 1.10. Internal and External Commands

custom shells : 2.1. Customizing the Shell

customizing

Emacs searching : 32.8. Rational Searches
grep commands : 27.12. Make Custom grep Commands (etc.) with perl
keys : (see key definitions)

cut command

35.14. Cutting Columns or Fields with cut
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
advantages : 45.30.2. Using echo with awk, colrm, or cut
awk compared to : 45.30.2. Using echo with awk, colrm, or cut
as filter in index program : 48.12. Using index with a Filter

cvtbase program

49.5. Base Conversion Using cvtbase
52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

cw script : 22.10. cx, cw, c-w: Quick File Permission Changes

cwd shell variable

6.9. Special C Shell Variables
7.11. dirs in Your Prompt: Better than $cwd
14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really?

cx script : 22.10. cx, cw, c-w: Quick File Permission Changes

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